UNIX
Unix related question and answer in unix solutions.
1)Apache server installation and configuration on solaris10
2)Creating user and group in solaris10 with images
3)Getting error software connection disconnected while using putty
4)how to see MAC address of NIC in solaris and manage it
5)Shell script to start oracle10g on redhat linux automatically
1)Apache server installation and configuration on solaris10
2)Creating user and group in solaris10 with images
3)Getting error software connection disconnected while using putty
4)how to see MAC address of NIC in solaris and manage it
5)Shell script to start oracle10g on redhat linux automatically
I am facing an issue with java in sun solaris 10 on sunv240 fire.I have installed java 1.5.0.6 and when i try to run my application i get error java not found.i checked with the patches every thing seems perfect.can any one help me with the solution
the solution is simple just export the path of java
# export PATH=/opt/java/bin:$PATH.
The package is installed but u need to define the exact path so that it can read it from there if you face any issue jsut give me a buzz
hi
what is the difference between the mnttab and vfstab files in solaris ?
are they both same ?
which ever filesystem is mounted will be shown using mntta , this is a read only file. " mounted file system will be shown"..by reading
\etc\mnttab file.
wheras vfstab is for permanent mounting of file system.
thanks
pratap
why we need RNDC key
when we are configuring DNS in Solaris-10 System ?
What is RNDC also ?
Q)while connecting through putty using ssh a remote host i am getting error after two minutes software connection disconnected but when i am trying the same from telnet the problem does not come.
Ans)This is one bug in putty.exe file which is not fixed yet if the network connectivity is poor it will give some problem better use other softwares to connect ssh
http://www.freedownloadscenter.com/Best/free-ssh-tools.html
you can download one from here
q)what is the command use to see ram memory in the system
Thanks
Shekar
Hi shekar
you can see the ram memory
# prtconf | grep Mem*
Regards
Naveen
Q) How to take complete solaris10 software dump and make it ready for custom Jump start.
Ans)
Step 1 :-
Insert CD1
# vold - if not mounted
crete an empty slice with minimum 5 GB space and mount to /backup
#cd /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/solaris10/Tools
# sh setup_install_server /backup
Step -2
Insert CD2
#cd /cdrom/cdrom0/s0/solaris10/Tools
#sh add_install_client /backup
follow the same procedure for CD3 and CD4
Thanks
Naveen
#
i have a doubt in sticky bit..
what is the diffrence b/w small "t" and capital "T" in sticky bit..pls find below example
bash-3.00# ls -l |grep stick
drwxr--r-T 2 root root 512 Feb 28 15:40 stick
bash-3.00# chmod 1755 stick/
bash-3.00# ls -l |grep stick
drwxr-xr-t 2 root root 512 Feb 28 15:40 stick
The most common use of the sticky bit today is on directories, where, when set, items inside the directory can only be renamed or deleted by the item's owner, the directory's owner, or the superuser. Generally this is set on the /tmp directory to prevent ordinary users from deleting or moving other users' files.
In addition, Solaris (as of Solaris 2.5) defines special behavior when the sticky bit is set on non-executable files: those files, when accessed, will not be cached by the kernel. This is usually set on swap files to prevent access on the file from flushing more important data from the system cache. It is also used occasionally for benchmarking tests.
Examples
The sticky bit can only be set by superuser root. Using the chmod command, it can be set using its octal mode 1000 or by its symbol t (s is already used by the setuid bit). For example, to add the bit on the directory /usr/local/tmp, one would type chmod +t /usr/local/tmp. Or, to make sure that directory has standard tmp permissions, one could also type chmod 1777 /usr/local/tmp.
In Unix symbolic file system permission notation, the sticky bit is represented by the letter t in the final character-place. For instance, on Solaris 8, the /tmp directory, which by default has the sticky-bit set, shows up as:
$ ls -ld /tmp
drwxrwxrwt 4 root sys 485 Nov 10 06:01 /tmp
If the sticky-bit is set on a file or directory without the execution bit set for the others category (non-user-owner and non-group-owner), it is indicated with a capital T:
# ls -l test
-rw-r--r-- 1 root other 0 Nov 10 12:57 test
# chmod +t test; ls -l test
-rw-r--r-T 1 root other 0 Nov 10 12:57 test
Telling more simply when there sticky bit is applied on file with "X" permission for group and other its display a T
Thanks
GURU
Administrators use the remote name daemon control program (rndc) to control the operation of a name server. Name servers have always been controlled by administrators sending signals, such as SIGHUP and SIGINT. The rndc utility provides a finer granularity of control, and it can be used both interactively and non-interactively.
Answer to fourth question Mr santosh....
As of the Solaris 10 OS, the rndc utility replaces the ndc utility as the name daemon control application. A significant difference between ndc in BIND 8 and rndc in BIND 9 is that rndc uses its own configuration file, rndc.conf.
Securing Control Sessions
The rndc utility supports security using key-based authentication. Remote clients are authorized specifically to control the daemon by establishing, configuring and using secret keys. Implementing this security requires an rndc-key reference entry in the /etc/name.conf file and the appropriate key information in the rndc.conf file.
Without a rndc-key reference in the /etc/named.conf file, the following messages appear in the /var/adm/messages file:
Jan 12 08:22:12 sys12 named[1346]: [ID 873579 daemon.notice] /
command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Jan 12 08:22:12 sys12 named[1346]: [ID 873579 daemon.notice] /
couldn’t add command channel ::1#953: address not available
You can continue to use the rndc utility, albeit in a non-secure manner.Use the rndc-confgen utility to generate the proper contents for the rndc.conf and /etc/named.conf files. The rndc.conf file specifies which server controls and algorithm the server should use. You need only a rndc.conf file in place if the named.conf file has an entry for a rndc-key.
sys12# /usr/sbin/rndc-confgen
# Start of rndc.conf
key “rndc-key” {
algorithm hmac-md5;
secret “jZOP5nh//i9t7BwHivvNzA==”;
};
options {
default-key “rndc-key”;
default-server 127.0.0.1;
default-port 953;
};
# End of rndc.conf
# Use with the following in named.conf, adjusting the allow list as needed:
# key “rndc-key” {
# algorithm hmac-md5;
# secret “jZOP5nh//i9t7BwHivvNzA==”;
# };
#
# controls {
# inet 127.0.0.1 port 953
# allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { “rndc-key”; };
# };
# End of named.conf
sys12#Copy the rndc-key section into a new file called /etc/rndc.conf.
sys12# cat /etc/rndc.conf
key “rndc-key” {
algorithm hmac-md5;
secret “jZOP5nh//i9t7BwHivvNzA==”;
};
options {
default-key “rndc-key”;
default-server 127.0.0.1;
default-port 953;
};Add the named.conf section to the /etc/named.conf file. Be sure to remove the comment indentifiers (#). The following is an example of a finished /etc/named.conf file:
sys12# cat /etc/named.conf
options
{
directory “/var/named”;
};
// added to stop couldn’t add command channel ::1#953 messages
// from showing up in /var/adm/messages
// following is output from /usr/sbin/rndc-confgen
key “rndc-key” {
algorithm hmac-md5;
secret “jZOP5nh//i9t7BwHivvNzA==”;
};
controls {
inet 127.0.0.1 port 953
allow { 127.0.0.1; } keys { “rndc-key”; };
};
// end of rndc.key addition
Testing
Test the rndc.key by stopping and starting the named process, using the rndc utility, and examining the resulting /var/adm/messages file entries:
sys12# svcadm disable svc:/network/dns/server:default
sys12# svcadm enable svc:/network/dns/server:default
sys12# tail -4 /var/adm/messages
Jan 12 08:58:48 sys12 named[1402]: [ID 873579 daemon.notice] /
starting BIND 9.2.4
Jan 12 08:58:48 sys12 named[1402]: [ID 873579 daemon.notice] /
command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Jan 12 08:58:48 sys12 named[1402]: [ID 873579 daemon.notice] runningThe daemon starting without the command channel message implies a successful key configuration The rndc command can now be used securely.
You will see an error message similar to the following if either there is a problem with the contents of the rndc.conf file:
sys12# rndc dumpdb
Jan 12 10:13:40 sys12 named[1431]: invalid command from 127.0.0.1#32839: bad auth
rndc: connection to remote host closed
This may indicate that the remote server is using an older version of
the command protocol, this host is not authorized to connect,
or the key is invalid.
sys12#
Flushing the Memory Cache
You can use the rndc utility to flush the memory cache.
sys12# rndc flush
sys12# rndc dumpdb
sys12# cat /var/named/named_dump.db
;
; Cache dump of view ‘_default’
;
$DATE 20050113141237
sys12# Changing the Debug Level of the Daemon
Use the rndc utility to change the debug level of the server. Before making any changes, determine the current debug level of the daemon.
sys12# rndc status
number of zones: 5
debug level: 0
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is ON
server is up and runningIncrement the debug level by one.
sys12# rndc trace
sys12# rndc status
number of zones: 5
debug level: 1
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is ON
server is up and runningAssign the debug level to a specific level.
Server Status
The rndc utility can be used to query server status and report statistics.
Now test to verify that the rndc utility works as expected:
sys12# rndc status
number of zones: 5
debug level: 0
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is ON
server is up and running
sys12# rndc trace 8
sys12# rndc status
number of zones: 5
debug level: 8
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is ON
server is up and running
hi
how to create a user in solaris in GUI mode
SMC command is used for that purpose only
if is it correct then using of this will we create groups also ?
Santosh answer method to create users in solaris
step1 -:
#useradd -u uid -g gid -d /usr/santosh -m -s /bin/sh santosh
This is used to create user in command mode with full permission and directories.
step2 :-
#smc
in shell and GUI screen appears and you can click on new user icon and follow instruction like home directory, shell and username passwd etc.
Q)CAn some one tell me how to install and configure apache server on solaris 2.8 2.9 and 2.10
Regards
GURU
Steps to install and configure apache webserver.
1)check if packages are available for apache
#pkgchk -l SUNWapchr
#pkgchk -l SUNWapchu
#pkgchk -l SUNWapchd
If available okay or else install from cdrom or download it
# pkgadd -G -d Solaris-product-directory SUNWapchr SUNWapchu SUNWapchd
# ls -1 /etc/rc?.d/*apache
/etc/rc0.d/K16apache
/etc/rc1.d/K16apache
/etc/rc2.d/K16apache
/etc/rc3.d/S50apache
/etc/rcS.d/K16apache
# mv /etc/rc0.d/K16apache /etc/rc0.d/k16apache
# mv /etc/rc1.d/K16apache /etc/rc1.d/k16apache
# mv /etc/rc2.d/K16apache /etc/rc2.d/k16apache
# mv /etc/rc3.d/S50apache /etc/rc3.d/s50apache
# mv /etc/rcS.d/K16apache /etc/rcS.d/k16apache
# ls -1 /etc/rc?.d/*apache
/etc/rc0.d/k16apache
/etc/rc1.d/k16apache
/etc/rc2.d/k16apache
/etc/rc3.d/s50apache
Above steps are for installation now configuration
# cd /etc/apache/
# cp -rf httpd.conf-example httpd.conf
# vi httpd.conf
servername -IP of the server-
x_naveen@ugs.com
wq!
# cd /etc/init.d
# sh apache stop
# sh apache start
open explorer and type the server ip u should get apache default page
Want to open your own pages then
# cd /var/apache/htdocs
create your own index.html file
#cd /etc/init.d
sh apache stop
sh apache start